Organometallic Reagents and Carbanions: Crash Course Organic Chemistry

The video explores the history and impact of tetraethyl lead in fuel, highlighting its environmental and health effects. It introduces organometallic compounds, focusing on Grignard reagents, organolithium compounds, and Gilman reagents, explaining their properties, preparation, and applications. Safety considerations and practical applications are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of risk assessments in chemical reactions.

Why was tetraethyl lead added to automobile fuel?

• To prevent engine knock

• To increase fuel efficiency

• To reduce emissions

• To improve fuel color

What is a characteristic feature of organometallic compounds?

• They contain carbon-metal bonds

• They are always gaseous

• They are non-reactive

• They have non-polar bonds

What is a key safety concern when preparing Grignard reagents?

• They are non-flammable

• They do not require solvents

• They react with water

• They are stable in air

Which solvent is preferred for preparing Grignard reagents from aryl halides?

• Diethyl ether

• Acetone

• Water

• Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

What is the main advantage of using THF over diethyl ether in Grignard reactions?

• Higher boiling point

• Lower boiling point

• Less flammable

• More acidic

What is a common use of organolithium compounds?

• As inert gases

• As strong bases

• As oxidizing agents

• As weak acids

What is the role of organolithium compounds in the formation of acetylide ions?

• They reduce carbonyls

• They form alcohols

• They deprotonate alkynes

• They act as oxidizing agents

What reaction type do Gilman reagents typically undergo with alkyl halides?

• Elimination reactions

• SN2 reactions

• SN1 reactions

• Hydrolysis reactions

What is a benefit of using Gilman reagents over Grignard reagents?

• Greater selectivity

• Easier preparation

• Higher reactivity

• Lower cost

What is a key feature of Gilman reagents in cross-coupling reactions?

• They preserve stereochemistry

• They are highly reactive

• They form alcohols

• They are non-selective