Acetylcholinesterase (Part 1) Neuron Signaling Esterase Mechanisms 1

The video tutorial reviews the distinction between esters and amides, emphasizing their importance in organic chemistry and exams like the MCAT. It explains the mechanism of acetylcholinesterase, a serine esterase, and its role in terminating acetylcholine's function as a neurotransmitter. The tutorial covers the similarities among serine hydrolases, including serine proteases and esterases, and provides a detailed breakdown of the enzyme mechanism, highlighting the formation of acetic acid and acetate. The video concludes with applications of esterases and proteases.

Why is it important to distinguish between esters and amides in organic chemistry?

• They are used in different types of reactions.

• They have different colors.

• They have different boiling points.

• They are tested in exams like the MCAT.

What is the primary function of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?

• To slow down the heart rate.

• To initiate muscle contraction.

• To increase blood pressure.

• To act as a pain reliever.

How does acetylcholinesterase terminate the response of acetylcholine?

• By reuptake into the nerve cell.

• By converting it into another neurotransmitter.

• By hydrolyzing the acetylcholine molecule.

• By binding to acetylcholine receptors.

What is the first step in the mechanism of acetylcholinesterase?

• Binding of acetylcholine to the enzyme.

• Formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.

• Deprotonation of the serine residue.

• Release of choline as a leaving group.

What type of intermediate is formed during the hydrolysis of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase?

• Radical intermediate.

• Cyclic intermediate.

• SP3 hybridized intermediate.

• SP2 hybridized intermediate.

Which of the following is a subgroup under serine hydrolases?

• Amylases

• Lipases

• Serine proteases

• Caspases

What role does the aspartate residue play in the active site of serine hydrolases?

• It releases the product.

• It binds to the substrate.

• It stabilizes the histidine orientation.

• It acts as a nucleophile.