Factors Affecting Dynamic Equilibria: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions, Dynamic Equilibrium, and Le Chatelier's Prin

The video tutorial covers the concepts of exothermic and endothermic reactions, dynamic equilibria, and Le Chatelier's principle. It explains how exothermic reactions release energy while endothermic reactions absorb it. Dynamic equilibria occur in reversible reactions where the forward and backward reaction rates are equal. Le Chatelier's principle describes how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration to maintain balance.

What is the main characteristic of an exothermic reaction?

• It only occurs at high temperatures.

• It neither absorbs nor releases energy.

• It absorbs energy from the surroundings.

• It releases energy to the surroundings.

In a dynamic equilibrium, what happens to the rates of the forward and backward reactions?

• The rates fluctuate randomly.

• The forward reaction rate is always higher.

• The backward reaction rate is always higher.

• The rates become equal.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, how does a system at equilibrium respond to a change in conditions?

• It accelerates the backward reaction.

• It accelerates the forward reaction.

• It shifts to oppose the change.

• It remains unchanged.

What happens to the equilibrium position when the temperature is increased in a reversible reaction?

• It shifts randomly.

• It shifts towards the endothermic direction.

• It shifts towards the exothermic direction.

• It remains unchanged.

How does increasing the pressure affect the equilibrium in a reaction with different numbers of gas molecules on each side?

• It shifts towards the side with more molecules.

• It shifts towards the side with fewer molecules.

• It has no effect on the equilibrium.

• It causes the reaction to stop.

What is the effect of increasing the concentration of a reactant in a reversible reaction?

• The reaction rate decreases.

• The equilibrium shifts to produce more reactants.

• The equilibrium remains unchanged.

• The equilibrium shifts to produce more products.

If a substance is removed from a reaction at equilibrium, what is the system's response according to Le Chatelier's principle?

• The system will remain unchanged.

• The system will stop reacting.

• The system will produce less of the removed substance.

• The system will produce more of the removed substance.