Practice Problem Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

What is the relationship between acid strength and the conjugate base?

• Acid strength is unrelated to the stability of the conjugate base.

• Acid strength is directly proportional to the stability of the conjugate base.

• Acid strength is inversely proportional to the number of hydrogen atoms.

• Acid strength is inversely proportional to the stability of the conjugate base.

Which of the following is true about resonance and induction?

• Resonance stabilizes through sigma bonds, while induction stabilizes through pi bonds.

• Both resonance and induction stabilize through pi bonds.

• Both resonance and induction stabilize through sigma bonds.

• Resonance stabilizes through pi bonds, while induction stabilizes through sigma bonds.

How does the presence of electronegative atoms affect the conjugate base?

• Electronegative atoms destabilize the conjugate base.

• Electronegative atoms have no effect on the conjugate base.

• Electronegative atoms stabilize the conjugate base through induction.

• Electronegative atoms stabilize the conjugate base through resonance only.

Which factor does NOT increase the stabilizing effect of induction?

• The number of electronegative atoms present.

• The distance of the atom from the site of deprotonation.

• The electronegativity of the atom.

• The size of the carboxylic acid molecule.

What is the correct order of acidity for carboxylic acids with different halogen atoms?

• Fluorine one position away, two fluorines, chlorine two positions away, no induction, chlorine one position away.

• Chlorine one position away, no induction, two fluorines, fluorine one position away, chlorine two positions away.

• Two fluorines, fluorine one position away, chlorine one position away, chlorine two positions away, no induction.

• No induction, chlorine two positions away, chlorine one position away, fluorine one position away, two fluorines.