Glycerophosphate Shuttle Mitochondrial NADH Transport

The video explains the transport of NADH from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix, focusing on the Malate Aspartate Shuttle and the Glycerophosphate Shuttle. It highlights the challenges of NADH transport, the role of dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and the enzymatic reactions involved. The video compares the two shuttles, emphasizing their roles in electron transport and ATP synthesis.

What is the primary function of the Malate Aspartate Shuttle?

• To transport glucose into the mitochondria

• To convert NADH into ATP

• To transfer NADH from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix

• To synthesize proteins in the cytosol

Which molecule is a key intermediate in the Glycerophosphate Shuttle?

• Pyruvate

• Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)

• Acetyl-CoA

• Citrate

What happens to glycerol 3-phosphate in the mitochondrial intermembrane space?

• It is converted back to glucose

• It is oxidized to regenerate DHAP

• It is used to synthesize ATP

• It is stored as fat

Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of glycerol 3-phosphate in the mitochondria?

• Citrate synthase

• Pyruvate dehydrogenase

• Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

• Hexokinase

What is the main difference between the Malate Aspartate Shuttle and the Glycerophosphate Shuttle?

• The type of sugar metabolized

• The amount of ATP produced

• The location of the shuttle in the cell

• The type of electron carrier used

In the Glycerophosphate Shuttle, what is the final electron acceptor that gets reduced?

• NAD+

• FAD

• Oxygen

• Coenzyme Q

What is the ultimate destination of electrons transferred by FADH2 in the Glycerophosphate Shuttle?

• Complex IV of the electron transport chain

• Complex II of the electron transport chain

• Complex I of the electron transport chain

• Complex III of the electron transport chain