Horizontal section of the brain

This tutorial provides an in-depth exploration of the horizontal sections of the brain, focusing on the orientation and structural anatomy of brain slices. It covers the anterior, midline, posterior, and lateral brain structures, including the lateral ventricles, caudate nucleus, corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebellum, and more. The tutorial also discusses the distinction between gray and white matter, the role of the corpus striatum in motor regulation, and the clinical significance of these structures, particularly in the context of stroke imaging.

What is the primary distinction between gray matter and white matter in the brain?

• Gray matter appears white due to myelin, while white matter appears gray.

• Gray matter contains axons, while white matter contains cell bodies.

• Gray matter is found only in the brain, while white matter is found only in the spinal cord.

• Gray matter contains cell bodies, while white matter contains axons.

Which structure is used as an anatomical landmark to determine the orientation of a brain slice?

• Cerebellum

• Caudate nucleus

• Corpus callosum

• Thalamus

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

• Controls speech production

• Regulates motor functions

• Connects the two hemispheres of the brain

• Processes visual information

Which structure is known as the 'seat of the soul' according to Renee de Carte?

• Pineal gland

• Hippocampus

• Cerebellum

• Thalamus

What is the primary role of the cerebellum?

• Processing auditory information

• Controlling speech

• Regulating emotions

• Coordinating movement

Which structure is involved in the regulation of consciousness?

• Claustrum

• Insular cortex

• Putamen

• Globus pallidus

What is the function of the internal capsule?

• Processes visual information

• Contains ascending and descending pathways

• Connects the two hemispheres

• Regulates emotions

Which gyrus is part of the limbic system and involved in emotion formation?

• Angular gyrus

• Cingulate gyrus

• Postcentral gyrus

• Precentral gyrus

What is the significance of the calcarine sulcus?

• It is involved in motor control.

• It is a landmark for the primary visual cortex.

• It regulates speech production.

• It connects the two hemispheres.

What is a common clinical finding in a stroke affecting the posterior limb of the internal capsule?

• Memory loss

• Contralateral paralysis

• Speech defects

• Loss of vision