E Z Alkenes Electrophilic Addition Carbocations - Crash Course Organic Chemistry

The video tutorial explores the role of isoprene in nature, its chemical properties, and its reactions. It delves into alkene nomenclature, including the limitations of the cis-trans system and the use of the E/Z system for precision. The tutorial also covers addition reactions of alkenes, focusing on carbocation stability and the application of Markovnikov's rule. It explains carbocation rearrangements, such as 1,2-alkyl and hydride shifts, to form more stable intermediates.

What is the primary source of the blue haze over the Blue Mountains?

• Isoprene molecules

• Water vapor

• Carbon dioxide

• Dust particles

What is the role of isoprene in natural rubber?

• It acts as a catalyst

• It polymerizes to form rubber

• It stabilizes the rubber

• It colors the rubber

Which system is more precise for naming alkenes with complex substituents?

• E/Z system

• Cis-trans system

• IUPAC system

• R/S system

What is the limitation of the cis-trans naming system?

• It is outdated and not used anymore

• It fails when double bond carbons have different groups

• It only works for alkenes with identical groups

• It is only applicable to cyclic alkenes

What determines the stability of a carbocation?

• Number of hydrogen atoms

• Molecular weight

• Number of carbon-carbon bonds

• Presence of oxygen atoms

Which effect helps stabilize carbocations by spreading out electron density?

• Inductive effect

• Steric effect

• Electromagnetic effect

• Resonance effect

According to Markovnikov's rule, where does the proton add in an alkene addition reaction?

• To the carbon with the least hydrogens

• To the carbon with the most hydrogens

• To the carbon with the most carbons

• To the carbon with the least carbons

What is a 1,2-alkyl shift?

• A shift of a hydrogen atom

• A shift of an alkyl group

• A shift of a halogen atom

• A shift of a double bond

What happens during a 1,2-hydride shift?

• A halogen atom moves to a neighboring carbon

• A double bond shifts to a new position

• A carbon atom moves to a neighboring hydrogen

• A hydrogen atom moves to a neighboring carbon

What is the major product when hydrogen bromide reacts with 3-methylpent-1-ene?

• 3-Bromo-2-methylpentane

• 1-Bromo-3-methylpentane

• 3-Bromo-3-methylpentane

• 2-Bromo-3-methylpentane