Introduction to Ecology

Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment, consisting of abiotic and biotic components. The term was first defined by Ernst Haeckel, with Ramdeo Misra recognized as the father of ecology in India. Ecology aims to understand the distribution and abundance of organisms. It includes a hierarchy from organisms to the biosphere. Branches of ecology include autecology and synecology, and it can be divided by taxonomy, time, place, and processes.

What are the two main components of the environment in ecology?

• Living and Non-living

• Natural and Artificial

• Abiotic and Biotic

• Physical and Chemical

Who is considered the father of ecology in India?

• Alfred Wallace

• Ramdeo Misra

• Ernst Haeckel

• Charles Darwin

Which level of ecological hierarchy includes all living and non-living things on Earth?

• Biome

• Ecosystem

• Community

• Biosphere

What is the study of interactions of an individual organism with its environment called?

• Synecology

• Autecology

• Community Ecology

• Population Ecology

Which of the following is NOT a basis for subdividing ecology?

• Processes

• Time and Place

• Color

• Taxonomy