Biosynthesis of Phosphatidylinositols & Cardiolipin

The video tutorial explains the synthesis of phospholipids from phosphatidic acid, focusing on two main pathways: the inositol phospholipid pathway and the cardiolipin synthesis pathway. It details the enzymatic reactions involved, including the use of CDP as an activating group, and highlights the importance of phosphatidylinositol in generating the second messenger IP3. The tutorial also contrasts the strategies used in phospholipid synthesis, emphasizing the role of CDP in different contexts.

What is the role of phosphatidic acid in lipid synthesis?

• It is not involved in any lipid synthesis.

• It is only involved in triglyceride synthesis.

• It serves as a precursor for phospholipids and triglycerides.

• It is a final product in lipid synthesis.

How are phospholipids like phosphatidyl choline synthesized?

• By attaching CDP to diacylglycerol.

• By attaching CDP to the head group.

• By attaching CDP to fatty acids.

• By attaching CDP to glycerol.

What is the initial step in synthesizing phosphatidylinositol?

• Attaching CDP to glycerol.

• Attaching CDP to fatty acids.

• Attaching CDP to diacylglycerol.

• Attaching CDP to the head group.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding a phosphate to the 4 position of the inositol ring?

• Phosphatidylinositol phosphatase

• Phosphatidylinositol 4 kinase

• Phosphatidylinositol 5 kinase

• Phosphatidylinositol synthase

What is the mature form of phosphatidylinositol called?

• Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate

• Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate

• Phosphatidylinositol 4-5 bisphosphate

• Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate

What is the starting material for cardiolipin synthesis?

• CDP-choline

• CDP-ethanolamine

• CDP-DAG

• CDP-glycerol

Which enzyme is involved in the final step of cardiolipin synthesis?

• Phosphatidylinositol synthase

• Cardiolipin synthase

• Phosphatidyl glycerol phosphatase

• Phosphatidyl glycerol phosphate synthase