Bones: Structure and Types

The video tutorial explores the structure and function of bones, starting with an introduction to bones and their classification into axial and appendicular categories. It delves into the types of skeletal cartilage and their roles, followed by a detailed look at bone classification by shape and function. The composition of bones is discussed, highlighting the distinction between bone tissue and complete bones as organs. The tutorial examines the microscopic anatomy of bones, focusing on different cell types and their functions. Finally, it covers the chemical composition of bones, emphasizing the balance between organic and inorganic components that contribute to bone strength and flexibility.

What type of cartilage is most abundant in the skeletal system?

• Elastic cartilage

• Fibrocartilage

• Hyaline cartilage

• Articular cartilage

Which type of bone is characterized by being longer than it is wide?

• Flat bone

• Short bone

• Irregular bone

• Long bone

What is the primary function of bones in the human body?

• Hormone production

• Support and protection

• Blood cell destruction

• Nerve signal transmission

What is the outer layer of a bone called?

• Compact bone

• Bone marrow

• Spongy bone

• Periosteum

Which part of a long bone contains yellow marrow?

• Epiphysis

• Endosteum

• Diaphysis

• Periosteum

Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption?

• Bone lining cells

• Osteoclasts

• Osteocytes

• Osteoblasts

What is the function of osteocytes in bone tissue?

• Break down bone

• Form new bone cells

• Secrete bone matrix

• Maintain bone matrix

What is the main inorganic component of bone that contributes to its hardness?

• Chondrocytes

• Collagen fibers

• Hydroxyapatites

• Osteoid

Which component of bone provides flexibility and tensile strength?

• Periosteum

• Bone marrow

• Osteoid

• Hydroxyapatites

How do organic and inorganic components of bone work together?

• To make bones brittle

• To ensure bones are flexible

• To make bones durable and strong

• To increase bone density