Evolution

The video addresses common misconceptions about evolution, clarifying that individuals do not evolve, but populations do over generations. It defines biological evolution and explores mechanisms like gene flow, mutations, genetic drift, and natural selection. The video also presents evidence for evolution through homologies, fossil records, and biogeography, emphasizing that evolution is an ongoing process.

What is a common misconception about evolution in biology?

• Evolution is a change in a population's traits over generations.

• Individuals evolve during their lifetime.

• Evolution only occurs in animals.

• Evolution always leads to more complexity.

Which mechanism of evolution involves random chance events affecting a population's genetic makeup?

• Gene flow

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Mutations

How does natural selection affect a population?

• It causes random changes in genes.

• It allows better-adapted individuals to survive and reproduce.

• It involves the movement of genes between populations.

• It always results in new species.

What do molecular homologies indicate about different species?

• They have similar functions.

• They share a common ancestor.

• They live in similar environments.

• They have the same number of chromosomes.

What is a vestigial structure?

• A structure with a new function.

• A structure inherited from an ancestor but has lost most of its function.

• A structure that is identical in all species.

• A structure that is used for flying.

How can fossils provide evidence for evolution?

• They show how organisms have remained unchanged.

• They only show the existence of extinct species.

• They reveal changes in characteristics over time.

• They are only found in certain regions.

What does biogeography study in relation to evolution?

• The development of embryos.

• The fossilization process.

• The genetic makeup of organisms.

• The geographical distribution of organisms.