¿Los trastornos mentales tienen una explicación evolutiva?

The video explores the genetic and evolutionary aspects of mental disorders, focusing on why they persist despite natural selection. It discusses the paradox of schizophrenia, evolutionary psychiatry, and various hypotheses explaining the persistence of mental disorders. The role of emotions and genetic mutations in mental disorders is examined, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing and treating these conditions. The video emphasizes the need for a multifaceted approach, combining evolutionary medicine with other medical fields.

What is the paradox of schizophrenia?

• The rapid increase in schizophrenia cases over time.

• The stable incidence of schizophrenia despite its genetic origins.

• The complete eradication of schizophrenia through natural selection.

• The fact that schizophrenia is not genetically inherited.

What is evolutionary psychiatry?

• A technique to enhance cognitive abilities.

• A branch of medicine focusing on molecular biology.

• A field that studies mental disorders from an evolutionary perspective.

• A method to eliminate genetic mutations.

How does the mutation-selection balance hypothesis explain mental disorders?

• Mutations are eliminated faster than they arise.

• Mutations arise too quickly for natural selection to eliminate them all.

• Mutations are solely caused by environmental factors.

• Mutations are beneficial and never harmful.

What is an example of a genetic mutation that provides both a benefit and a risk?

• Cystic fibrosis and its resistance to tuberculosis.

• Huntington's disease and its cognitive benefits.

• Sickle cell anemia and its resistance to malaria.

• Down syndrome and its increased immunity.

What is pleiotropy in the context of genetic mutations?

• A mutation that is always harmful.

• A mutation that affects multiple traits, sometimes beneficially and harmfully.

• A mutation that has no effect on any trait.

• A mutation that affects only one trait.

Why is diagnosing mental disorders challenging?

• Because there is only one type of mental disorder.

• Due to high comorbidity and lack of biomarkers.

• Because all mental disorders have the same genetic origin.

• Because mental disorders are not influenced by genetics.

What role does evolutionary medicine play in understanding mental disorders?

• It focuses solely on psychological treatments.

• It replaces all other medical approaches.

• It provides a singular solution to all mental disorders.

• It offers insights into the genetic and evolutionary origins of disorders.