Interphase and Regulation of Cell Cycle by CDKs and Cyclin

The video tutorial covers the process of mitosis, explaining how cells divide and replicate their DNA to form identical cells. It introduces apoptosis, a mechanism for programmed cell death, to prevent mutations. The video details the phases of interphase in the cell cycle, emphasizing the importance of nutrient intake and biosynthesis for cell growth. It also discusses the regulation of mitosis entry through cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins, highlighting the role of checkpoints in preventing DNA mutations.

What is the primary purpose of mitosis in cell division?

• To increase cell size

• To produce identical daughter cells

• To eliminate damaged cells

• To create genetically diverse cells

What is apoptosis?

• Cell growth

• Programmed cell death

• DNA replication

• Cell mutation

Why is mitosis important for skin cells?

• To change cell function

• To replace old cells with new ones

• To increase cell size

• To produce energy

Which phase of interphase is primarily responsible for DNA replication?

• M phase

• G2 phase

• S phase

• G1 phase

What is the main focus of the G1 phase in interphase?

• Protein degradation

• Cell division

• Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication

• DNA replication

What role do cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play in the cell cycle?

• They repair DNA mutations

• They degrade proteins

• They phosphorylate proteins to allow cell cycle progression

• They synthesize DNA

How do CDKs become activated?

• By repairing DNA

• By binding to cyclins

• By degrading cyclins

• By synthesizing DNA

What happens if DNA damage is detected during the cell cycle?

• The cell immediately enters mitosis

• CDKs are inhibited, halting the cell cycle

• The cell cycle continues without interruption

• The cell undergoes apoptosis

Which cyclin-CDK complex is responsible for the transition from G1 to S phase?

• CDK6 and cyclin A

• CDK1 and cyclin B

• CDK2 and cyclin E

• CDK4 and cyclin D

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

• They speed up the cell cycle

• They prevent the cell from entering the next phase if DNA is damaged

• They ensure the cell grows larger

• They degrade unnecessary proteins