The Enlightenment: Crash Course European History

The video explores the transformative period of the Enlightenment in Europe, highlighting shifts in political, social, and cultural landscapes. It discusses the impact of Enlightenment thinkers like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Kant, who challenged traditional norms and promoted reason, individualism, and social reforms. The video also covers the influence of new commodities, the role of salons, and the rise of abolition movements, emphasizing the Enlightenment's lasting impact on modern society.

What was one of the significant impacts of the Lisbon earthquake on European thought?

• It reinforced the belief in divine punishment.

• It sparked debates on the role of God in natural disasters.

• It led to the abandonment of scientific inquiry.

• It resulted in the construction of more churches.

During the Enlightenment, what was emphasized as a means to evaluate old ideas?

• Religious doctrine

• Military conquest

• Rational investigation

• Artistic expression

How did Montesquieu and Voltaire contribute to Enlightenment thought?

• By supporting absolute monarchy

• By critiquing outdated societal norms

• By promoting religious orthodoxy

• By advocating for isolationism

What was a key feature of Rousseau's educational philosophy?

• Focus on practical skills

• Urban upbringing

• Emphasis on rote learning

• Strict adherence to religious texts

What role did salons play during the Enlightenment?

• They were primarily religious gatherings.

• They were centers for military training.

• They were exclusive to the aristocracy.

• They facilitated the exchange of new ideas.

Which text is associated with promoting social and political reform during the Enlightenment?

• The Odyssey

• The Bible

• The Divine Comedy

• The Encyclopédie

What was a common belief among deists during the Enlightenment?

• God actively intervenes in daily life.

• God's will is revealed through dreams.

• God set the universe in motion but remains uninvolved.

• God does not exist.

How did Adam Smith's economic theories differ from mercantilism?

• He supported stockpiling gold.

• He promoted agricultural economies with serfs.

• He believed in a static global wealth.

• He advocated for free trade and division of labor.

What was a significant outcome of Enlightenment thought on slavery?

• It justified slavery through pseudoscience.

• It sparked movements to abolish slavery.

• It had no impact on slavery.

• It led to the expansion of the slave trade.

What did Immanuel Kant mean by 'dare to know'?

• To blindly follow tradition

• To think independently and question old ideas

• To rely solely on emotional intuition

• To seek knowledge through divine revelation