Exercise Physiology | BCAA Catabolism: The Basics

The video tutorial explains the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) - valine, isoleucine, and leucine. It covers their role in protein synthesis, the liver's function in amino acid balance, and the unique role of skeletal muscle in BCAA degradation. The process of BCAA transport and catabolism in mitochondria is detailed, highlighting the production of energy through the TCA cycle. Additionally, the video discusses how BCAAs, particularly leucine, stimulate muscle protein synthesis, beneficial for muscle growth and strength post-resistance training.

Which organ is primarily responsible for maintaining amino acid balance in the body?

• Kidneys

• Liver

• Lungs

• Heart

What is the unique role of skeletal muscle in BCAA metabolism?

• It converts BCAAs into glucose.

• It is the only tissue that degrades BCAAs.

• It transports BCAAs to the liver.

• It stores BCAAs for later use.

What is the first enzyme involved in the catabolism of BCAAs in skeletal muscle?

• Branch chain amino acid transaminase

• Citrate synthase

• Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

• Lactate dehydrogenase

Where does the majority of BCAA catabolism occur within the cell?

• Mitochondrial matrix

• Nucleus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Cytoplasm

What is the role of the branch chain alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase complex?

• It synthesizes BCAAs.

• It converts alpha keto acids to acyl CoAs.

• It transports BCAAs into the mitochondria.

• It breaks down fatty acids.

Which end product of BCAA catabolism can directly enter the TCA cycle?

• Acetyl CoA

• Alpha keto acid

• Propanoyl CoA

• Isobutyryl CoA

What additional role do BCAAs play in skeletal muscle besides energy production?

• They stimulate muscle protein synthesis.

• They store energy as fat.

• They convert to glucose.

• They act as neurotransmitters.