Fatty Acid Activation

The video tutorial explains the process of activating fatty acids in cells by attaching coenzyme A, focusing on the enzyme fatty acyl coenzyme A synthetase. It details the mechanism of nucleophilic attack and the role of pyrophosphate in driving reactions forward. The tutorial also discusses enzyme classification, particularly the distinction between ligases and transferases, and introduces the concept of beta oxidation for fatty acid metabolism.

What is the initial step required for fatty acid oxidation in cells?

• Direct oxidation of fatty acids

• Attachment of coenzyme A to fatty acids

• Conversion to glucose

• Formation of triglycerides

What is the role of ATP in the reaction mechanism discussed?

• It acts as a substrate for oxidation

• It provides energy for the reaction

• It is a byproduct of the reaction

• It is not involved in the reaction

What intermediate is formed during the nucleophilic attack on phosphorus?

• Trigonal planar

• Linear

• Tetrahedral

• Trigonal bipyramidal

What is the result of attaching AMP to a fatty acid?

• Deactivation of the fatty acid

• Activation for nucleophilic attack

• Conversion to a triglyceride

• Formation of a free radical

What type of enzyme is fatty acyl coenzyme A synthetase?

• Isomerase

• Hydrolase

• Transferase

• Ligase

What distinguishes a ligase from a transferase?

• Transferases are involved in oxidation

• Ligases transfer the whole molecule

• Ligases transfer a portion of a molecule

• Transferases use ATP

What is the significance of inorganic pyrophosphatase in biochemical reactions?

• It acts as a substrate for polymerases

• It increases the spontaneity by releasing free energy

• It is not involved in biochemical reactions

• It decreases the spontaneity of reactions

Which of the following is a pyrophosphate generating reaction?

• Photosynthesis

• Citric acid cycle

• DNA polymerase

• Glycolysis

What is the role of pyrophosphate in driving reactions forward?

• It inhibits enzymes

• It releases free energy

• It acts as a catalyst

• It binds to substrates

What is the effect of a negative delta G in a reaction?

• The reaction is endothermic

• The reaction is spontaneous

• The reaction is at equilibrium

• The reaction is non-spontaneous