Serotonin and Melatonin Synthesis | Tryptophan Metabolism

The video tutorial explains the synthesis of serotonin and melatonin, detailing the step-by-step enzymatic processes involved. It covers the roles of serotonin in mood, appetite, and sleep regulation, and melatonin in circadian rhythm synchronization. The tutorial highlights the importance of tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and the enzymes and cofactors required for the conversion of tryptophan to serotonin and subsequently to melatonin. Key vitamins such as B6 and B5, and cofactors like tetrahydrobiopterin and s-adenosyl-methionine, are emphasized for their roles in these biochemical pathways.

What is serotonin also known as?

• Melatonin

• N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine

• Tryptophan

• 5-hydroxytryptamine

Which amino acid is serotonin derived from?

• Glutamine

• Tryptophan

• Lysine

• Methionine

What enzyme is responsible for converting tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan?

• Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase

• Serotonin N-acetyl transferase

• N-acetyl serotonin O-methyltransferase

• Tryptophan hydroxylase

Which cofactor is required by tryptophan hydroxylase?

• S-adenosyl methionine

• Tetrahydrobiopterin

• Pyridoxal phosphate

• Acetyl-CoA

What is the role of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in serotonin synthesis?

• It adds a hydroxyl group to tryptophan.

• It transfers an acetyl group to serotonin.

• It decarboxylates 5-hydroxytryptophan.

• It methylates N-acetyl serotonin.

Which enzyme converts serotonin to N-acetyl serotonin?

• Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase

• Serotonin N-acetyl transferase

• Tryptophan hydroxylase

• N-acetyl serotonin O-methyltransferase

What cofactor is necessary for the methylation of N-acetyl serotonin?

• Acetyl-CoA

• S-adenosyl methionine

• Tetrahydrobiopterin

• Pyridoxal phosphate

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of both serotonin and melatonin?

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin D

• Vitamin B12

• Vitamin B6

What is the role of acetyl-CoA in the synthesis of melatonin?

• It acts as an acetyl group donor.

• It hydroxylates tryptophan.

• It acts as a methyl group donor.

• It decarboxylates 5-hydroxytryptophan.

Which amino acid is required in the form of S-adenosyl methionine for melatonin production?

• Lysine

• Tryptophan

• Glutamine

• Methionine