Edward Deci - Self-Determination Theory

Edward Deci introduces self-determination theory, developed with Richard Ryan, focusing on types of motivation: autonomous and controlled. The theory emphasizes the importance of basic psychological needs—competence, relatedness, and autonomy—for optimal motivation and wellness. Intrinsic motivation is doing something for enjoyment, while extrinsic motivation involves external rewards. However, extrinsic motivation can become autonomous if internalized. The theory applies to various life domains, suggesting that supporting psychological needs leads to better outcomes.

What is the primary focus of self-determination theory?

• The source of motivation

• The amount of motivation

• Types of motivation

• The speed of motivation

Which type of motivation involves a sense of willingness and choice?

• Compulsory motivation

• External motivation

• Controlled motivation

• Autonomous motivation

Which of the following is NOT a basic psychological need according to self-determination theory?

• Wealth

• Relatedness

• Competence

• Autonomy

What happens when psychological needs are not satisfied?

• There are no consequences

• Negative psychological consequences follow

• Motivation increases

• Performance improves

How can optimal outcomes be achieved in various life domains according to self-determination theory?

• By increasing financial incentives

• By supporting basic psychological needs

• By enforcing strict rules

• By reducing work hours

What is intrinsic motivation?

• Doing something out of obligation

• Doing something for external rewards

• Doing something to avoid punishment

• Doing something because it is interesting and enjoyable

What did Richard Ryan discover about extrinsic motivation?

• It is less effective than intrinsic motivation

• It can be internalized to become autonomous

• It is always controlled

• It cannot be internalized