What Are Chromosomes

The video explains the structure and function of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. Chromosomes, made of tightly coiled DNA, fit into the cell nucleus and play a crucial role in cell division. They carry genetic information and vary in number across species. Humans have 23 pairs, while other species have different counts. Chromosomes have a centromere that divides them into arms, and during cell division, they duplicate to form sister chromatids. The video also highlights the importance of chromosomes in ensuring accurate DNA distribution during cell division.

What is the primary role of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells?

• To store energy for the cell

• To produce proteins directly

• To transport nutrients

• To pack DNA into a compact structure

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

• 9 pairs

• 28 pairs

• 23 pairs

• 46 pairs

What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?

• To replicate DNA

• To divide the chromosome into arms

• To produce energy

• To synthesize proteins

What are the short and long arms of a chromosome called?

• Alpha and Beta arms

• X and Y arms

• Left and Right arms

• P and Q arms

What are duplicated chromosomes commonly referred to as?

• Gene clusters

• DNA strands

• Sister chromatids

• Chromosome pairs