Mechanisms of β1-blockers, Calcium-channel Blockers, & α-blockers

The video covers cardiovascular pharmacology, focusing on drugs affecting heart and peripheral receptors. It explains adrenergic receptors, particularly beta-1 and beta-2, and their roles in heart and lung function. The video discusses beta blockers, their effects on heart rate and blood pressure, and potential side effects like exercise intolerance. Calcium channels and their blockers are explored, highlighting their impact on contractility and blood pressure. Finally, alpha receptors and blockers are examined, emphasizing their role in peripheral vasoconstriction and blood pressure regulation.

Which receptor is primarily associated with the heart?

• Beta 1

• Calcium

• Beta 2

• Alpha

What is the main effect of beta blockers on the heart?

• Increase contractility

• Increase blood pressure

• Decrease heart rate

• Increase heart rate

Why might patients on beta blockers experience exercise intolerance?

• Increased heart rate

• Blunted heart rate response

• Increased blood pressure

• Enhanced contractility

What is a common reason for low adherence to beta blockers?

• They are expensive

• They cause weight gain

• They can make patients feel unwell

• They are difficult to administer

What is the primary function of calcium channels in cardiac muscle?

• Block epinephrine

• Decrease heart rate

• Increase calcium influx

• Decrease contractility

Which type of calcium channel blocker acts more on the heart?

• Beta blockers

• Alpha blockers

• Non-dihydropyridines

• Dihydropyridines

What is the effect of alpha blockers on blood pressure?

• Increase heart rate

• Decrease blood pressure

• Increase blood pressure

• No effect on blood pressure

What condition can alpha blockers potentially cause when changing positions?

• Hypertension

• Orthostatic hypotension

• Arrhythmia

• Bradycardia

Where do alpha receptors primarily act?

• Lungs

• Heart

• Kidneys

• Peripheral vasculature

What is the role of vasoconstriction in maintaining blood pressure when changing positions?

• It decreases blood flow to the brain

• It increases blood flow to the brain

• It has no effect on blood flow

• It decreases heart rate