Electron Transport Chain Concepts

The video corrects a mistake from a previous electron transport chain tutorial and introduces key terminology. It explains the oxidation process, where NADH loses hydrogen, and the role of oxygen as the final electron acceptor. The video also covers phosphorylation, detailing how ATP is formed through oxidative phosphorylation and chemiosmosis. Finally, it contrasts this with substrate phosphorylation, which occurs in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle without chemiosmosis.

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

• ATP

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• NADH

What happens to NADH during oxidation?

• It gains electrons

• It gains hydrogen

• It loses oxygen

• It loses electrons

What is the process called when a phosphate group is added to another molecule?

• Oxidation

• Reduction

• Phosphorylation

• Hydrolysis

What creates the hydrogen gradient in the electron transport chain?

• Oxygen reduction

• Electron transfer

• NADH oxidation

• ATP synthase

What is the term for the process where hydrogen protons pass through ATP synthase?

• Oxidation

• Chemiosmosis

• Phosphorylation

• Hydrolysis

What is the role of ATP synthase in the electron transport chain?

• It reduces oxygen

• It creates a hydrogen gradient

• It oxidizes NADH

• It facilitates chemiosmosis

What is the main difference between oxidative and substrate phosphorylation?

• Use of oxygen

• Involvement of chemiosmosis

• Presence of enzymes

• Production of NADH

Where does substrate phosphorylation occur?

• Electron transport chain

• Glycolysis and Krebs cycle

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

What role do enzymes play in substrate phosphorylation?

• They oxidize NADH

• They facilitate ATP production

• They reduce oxygen

• They create a proton gradient

Which process does not involve a proton gradient?

• Chemiosmosis

• Oxidative phosphorylation

• Substrate phosphorylation

• Electron transport