Understanding Organelles

The video explains the concept of organelles, comparing them to organs in humans. It describes organelles as membrane-bound structures within cells, such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi bodies. The video also covers organelles with their own DNA, like mitochondria and plastids, and discusses their evolutionary origins as independent prokaryotes. The content highlights the role of mitochondria in energy production and chloroplasts in photosynthesis.

What is the primary similarity between organelles and organs?

• Both are responsible for photosynthesis.

• Both are substructures within a larger system.

• Both are involved in the circulatory system.

• Both are found in plants only.

Which of the following is a membrane-bound structure in a cell?

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Cell wall

• Ribosome

What is the role of the Golgi body in a cell?

• Photosynthesis

• Energy production

• Protein synthesis

• Packaging and distribution

What is a vesicle primarily responsible for in a cell?

• Protein synthesis

• Carrying substances

• Photosynthesis

• DNA replication

How are vacuoles different from vesicles?

• Vacuoles are smaller than vesicles.

• Vacuoles are not membrane-bound.

• Vacuoles are larger and can be formed by fused vesicles.

• Vacuoles are involved in protein synthesis.

What unique feature do mitochondria have compared to other organelles?

• They are responsible for photosynthesis.

• They are only found in plants.

• They have their own DNA.

• They are not membrane-bound.

What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?

• Energy production

• DNA replication

• Protein synthesis

• Photosynthesis

Which organelle is known for converting light energy into chemical energy?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

• Golgi body

What is the significance of plastids having their own DNA?

• It shows they are not membrane-bound.

• It indicates they can replicate independently.

• It suggests they can perform photosynthesis.

• It means they are only found in animal cells.

What is the evolutionary theory regarding mitochondria and plastids?

• They are unrelated to prokaryotes.

• They were always part of eukaryotic cells.

• They evolved from independent prokaryotes.

• They originated from plant cells only.