Gibbs Free Energy and Reaction Favorability

The video tutorial explains Gibbs free energy, symbolized by G, and its change, symbolized by delta G. It covers the relationship between Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, and how these determine whether a chemical or physical process is thermodynamically favored. The tutorial also discusses the concept of standard states and how to calculate the standard change in Gibbs free energy. An example calculation for the synthesis of hydrogen fluoride is provided, demonstrating the process of determining whether a reaction is thermodynamically favored.

What does a negative delta G indicate about a chemical process?

• The process is favored in the reverse direction.

• The process is non-spontaneous.

• The process is at equilibrium.

• The process is thermodynamically favored in the forward direction.

When delta G is greater than zero, what is true about the reaction?

• The forward reaction is thermodynamically favored.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reverse reaction is favored.

• The forward reaction is spontaneous.

What does delta G equal to zero signify in a chemical reaction?

• The reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction is favored in the reverse direction.

What is the standard state of a gas?

• A gas at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

• A gas with a concentration of one molar.

• A gas at a pressure of two atmospheres.

• A pure gas at a pressure of one atmosphere.

How is delta G naught calculated?

• By subtracting the standard change in entropy from the standard change in enthalpy.

• By adding the standard change in enthalpy and entropy.

• By subtracting the product of temperature and standard change in entropy from the standard change in enthalpy.

• By adding the product of temperature and standard change in entropy to the standard change in enthalpy.

What is the first step in calculating delta G naught for a reaction?

• Convert temperature to Fahrenheit.

• Calculate the equilibrium constant.

• Plug in delta H naught and delta S naught into the equation.

• Determine the pressure of the gases involved.

Why is it important to convert units when calculating delta G naught?

• To avoid using the wrong formula.

• To make the calculation easier.

• To ensure consistency in the calculation.

• To match the units of temperature.

What does a negative delta G naught indicate about the reaction at standard conditions?

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reverse reaction is favored.

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The forward reaction is thermodynamically favored.

In the example calculation, what is the significance of the temperature 298 Kelvin?

• It is the temperature at which the reaction is non-spontaneous.

• It is the standard temperature for calculations.

• It is the temperature at which the reaction reaches equilibrium.

• It is the boiling point of hydrogen fluoride.

What does the calculation of delta G naught tell us about the reaction between hydrogen gas and fluorine gas?

• The reaction is non-spontaneous at 25 degrees Celsius.

• The reaction is at equilibrium at 25 degrees Celsius.

• The forward reaction is thermodynamically favored at 25 degrees Celsius.

• The reverse reaction is favored at 25 degrees Celsius.