The Siege of Vienna 1683

In 1683, Mohammed IV of the Ottoman Empire aimed to capture Vienna, the capital of the Holy Roman Empire. Despite initial successes, the Ottomans faced strong resistance from Vienna's defenders, led by General Starhemberg. As the siege dragged on, Vienna suffered from starvation. However, reinforcements from Poland and German states arrived, leading to a decisive battle. The Polish cavalry, led by King Sobieski, played a crucial role in defeating the Ottomans. The victory marked a turning point, halting Ottoman expansion into Europe and leading to the eventual expulsion of Ottoman forces from Hungary and Transylvania.

What was the primary goal of Mohammed IV in 1683?

• To strengthen alliances with European nations

• To establish peace with the Holy Roman Empire

• To conquer Vienna and expand the Ottoman Empire

• To retreat and consolidate power in the Balkans

Who was left in charge of defending Vienna after Emperor Leopold fled?

• Prince Eugene

• King Sobieski

• General Starhemberg

• Duke of Lorraine

What defensive strategy did the Viennese use against the Ottoman siege?

• Negotiating a peace treaty

• Launching a preemptive strike on the Ottoman camp

• Building a moat around the city

• Strengthening fortifications and organizing a garrison

How did the Ottomans attempt to breach Vienna's defenses?

• By using naval forces to attack from the river

• By digging tunnels and setting mines

• By launching aerial attacks with hot air balloons

• By poisoning the city's water supply

What was the state of Vienna as the siege continued?

• Food was running out and morale was low

• The defenders were well-fed and optimistic

• The city had successfully repelled the Ottomans

• The city was thriving with abundant resources

Which European leader took command of the reinforcements to aid Vienna?

• King Sobieski of Poland

• Louis XIV of France

• Emperor Leopold

• Duke of Saxony

What was the key tactic used by the Polish forces in the battle?

• A surprise naval attack

• A diplomatic negotiation

• A prolonged siege

• A massive cavalry charge

What was the outcome of the battle for the Ottoman forces?

• They retreated and regrouped for another attack

• They successfully captured Vienna

• They suffered a significant defeat and fled

• They negotiated a peace treaty with Vienna

What was the impact of the battle on the Ottoman Empire's expansion?

• It led to the Ottomans gaining new territories

• It had no significant impact on their expansion

• It reversed the centuries-old expansion into Europe

• It marked the beginning of a new expansion phase

Who was hailed as the savior of Vienna after the battle?

• Prince Eugene

• Emperor Leopold

• King Sobieski

• General Starhemberg