Impact of Mechanization on Cotton Industry

The video explores the transformation of the cotton industry during the Industrial Revolution. It highlights the shift from wool to cotton due to affordability and comfort, driven by innovations like the spinning jenny and Arkwright's water frame. The mechanization of spinning and weaving led to the rise of factories and the decline of cottage industries. The video also discusses the role of water power and the development of transportation networks, such as canals and railways, to support the growing cotton industry.

What was one of the main reasons cotton became the preferred material for undergarments during the Industrial Revolution?

• It was easier to wash.

• It was more durable than wool.

• It was cheaper and more comfortable.

• It was more colorful.

How did the spinning jenny impact the production of cotton?

• It allowed one spinner to supply multiple weavers.

• It made cotton more expensive.

• It reduced the need for skilled labor.

• It was primarily used for wool.

What was a significant consequence of mechanization in cottage industries?

• Resistance and riots from traditional workers.

• Higher quality of handmade goods.

• Increased employment in rural areas.

• Decrease in cotton production.

Why did Richard Arkwright choose Cromford for his cotton mill?

• It was isolated, reducing the risk of idea theft.

• It had a large population of skilled workers.

• It had abundant wool resources.

• It was close to major cities.

What was a key feature of Arkwright's water frame?

• It required highly skilled operators.

• It used water power and unskilled labor.

• It was powered by steam engines.

• It was only suitable for wool spinning.

How did John Smeaton contribute to the efficiency of water wheels?

• He developed the overshot wheel model.

• He invented the steam engine.

• He created a new type of cotton fabric.

• He designed the first spinning jenny.

What was the purpose of the Cromford Canal?

• To connect Cromford to the sea.

• To transport raw cotton more efficiently.

• To serve as a tourist attraction.

• To provide water for the mills.

What challenge did the construction of the Cromford and High Peak Railway face?

• Lack of funding.

• Steep gradients.

• Shortage of labor.

• Opposition from local residents.

What was a unique feature of the Cromford and High Peak Railway?

• It was the first railway to use electric power.

• It had long flat sections with steep inclines.

• It was built entirely underground.

• It used steam engines exclusively.

What technological advancement did James Watt contribute to steam engines?

• The design of the first railway.

• The invention of the spinning jenny.

• The development of the parallel linkage.

• The creation of the water frame.