Battle of Marathon: Key Events and Outcomes

The video recounts the Persian threat to Athens, highlighting King Darius's anger and the Persian army's approach. Athenian generals, including Miltieities, strategize and send Fidipides to seek Spartan aid. Despite Spartan delays, the Athenians, joined by other Greeks, face the Persians at Marathon. The Greeks employ a strategic formation, leading to a surprising victory. Fidipides runs to Athens to announce the victory, inspiring the modern marathon race.

Why did King Darius send an army to Athens?

• To expand Persian territory

• To establish trade relations

• To seek an alliance with Athens

• To punish Athens for aiding other Greek city-states

What was the main reason the Athenians were initially hesitant to face the Persians?

• They were waiting for Spartan reinforcements

• They were negotiating peace with Persia

• They lacked enough soldiers

• They were unsure of the Persian army's location

Who was chosen to run to Sparta to seek help?

• Miltiades

• Pheidippides

• Calemicus

• Darius

What was the response of the Spartans to Pheidippides' request for help?

• They immediately agreed to help

• They refused to help

• They delayed due to a religious festival

• They sent a small group of soldiers

How did the Athenians manage to strengthen their forces before the battle?

• They captured Persian soldiers

• They trained new soldiers

• They received reinforcements from another Greek city

• They recruited mercenaries

What strategic move did the Athenians use in the battle against the Persians?

• They used a narrow pass to their advantage

• They attacked at night

• They waited for the Persian cavalry to return

• They strengthened their flanks and weakened the center

What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon?

• The Athenians achieved a surprising victory

• The battle ended in a stalemate

• Both sides retreated

• The Persians won decisively

What message did Pheidippides deliver to Athens after the battle?

• Retreat

• Victory

• Defeat

• Surrender

What inspired the modern marathon race?

• The distance Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens

• The distance the Athenian army marched to Marathon

• The distance the Persian army traveled to Greece

• The distance Pheidippides ran from Sparta to Athens

What was the significance of Pheidippides' final run?

• It marked the end of the Persian Wars

• It led to the fall of Athens

• It inspired the creation of the Olympic Games

• It symbolized the Greek victory and freedom