Scientific Discoveries and Enlightenment Ideas

The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, was a pivotal period in Western history, marked by a focus on reason and scientific thought. Key figures like Francis Bacon and Renee Descartes laid the groundwork for the scientific method, while Isaac Newton made groundbreaking contributions in physics and mathematics. The era also saw significant advancements in biology and taxonomy, with figures like Carl Linnaeus. Philosophers such as John Locke and Voltaire championed ideas of democracy and human rights, influencing political thought and revolutions in America and France.

What is another name for the Enlightenment?

• The Age of Reason

• The Industrial Revolution

• The Dark Ages

• The Middle Ages

Who are considered the fathers of the Enlightenment?

• Voltaire and Montesquieu

• Galileo Galilei and Copernicus

• Francis Bacon and Renee Descartes

• Isaac Newton and John Locke

What did Francis Bacon believe science could do for ordinary people?

• Help them travel faster

• Provide them with entertainment

• Free them from ignorance

• Make them wealthy

What new branch of mathematics did Isaac Newton develop?

• Algebra

• Geometry

• Calculus

• Trigonometry

What scientific tool did Anton van Leeuwenhoek use to make his discoveries?

• Thermometer

• Telescope

• Microscope

• Barometer

What did Robert Hooke observe in plant tissue?

• Atoms

• Cells

• Molecules

• Nuclei

Which philosopher believed in the consent of the governed?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Rousseau

• Montesquieu

What did Voltaire famously defend?

• Freedom of religion

• Freedom of speech

• Right to privacy

• Right to bear arms

What did Montesquieu advocate for in government?

• Direct democracy

• A theocratic state

• Complete separation of powers

• A single ruler

Which document was influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

• The Treaty of Versailles

• The Communist Manifesto

• The Magna Carta

• The Declaration of Independence