Respiratory System Functions and Mechanics

The video tutorial explains the respiratory system, highlighting its role in oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal. It details the air pathway through the mouth, nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. The mechanics of breathing are described, focusing on the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The gas exchange process in the alveoli is explained, emphasizing diffusion and concentration gradients.

What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?

• To circulate blood and remove waste

• To deliver oxygen to the brain and remove nitrogen

• To deliver oxygen to muscles and remove carbon dioxide

• To produce energy and store oxygen

Which part of the respiratory system is also known as the windpipe?

• Trachea

• Alveoli

• Bronchi

• Bronchioles

What is the role of the diaphragm during inhalation?

• It relaxes to let air in

• It contracts to close the airways

• It moves upwards to push air out

• It contracts and flattens to allow lung expansion

Which muscles are involved in expanding the ribcage during inhalation?

• Sternocleidomastoid

• Intercostal muscles

• Abdominals

• Pectorals

During exercise, which muscle helps to force more air into the lungs?

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Pectorals

• Abdominals

Which muscle is located at the side of the neck and assists in breathing during exercise?

• Sternocleidomastoid

• Pectorals

• Intercostal muscles

• Diaphragm

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

• To humidify air

• To produce mucus

• To exchange gases

• To filter air

How does oxygen move from the alveoli into the bloodstream?

• Through active transport

• By osmosis

• Through capillary action

• Via diffusion

What happens to carbon dioxide during gas exchange in the lungs?

• It remains in the bloodstream

• It is converted into oxygen

• It moves from the bloodstream to the alveoli

• It is absorbed by the alveoli

What is the concentration gradient in the context of gas exchange?

• Equal distribution of gases

• Movement from high to low concentration

• No movement of gases

• Movement from low to high concentration