Amazon Rainforest Hydrology and Ecology

The video tutorial explores the water cycle in the Amazon rainforest, focusing on the OCR A-level spec 2.a. It covers the rainforest's geographical spread, climate conditions, and the impact of high rainfall and temperatures on the water cycle. The tutorial explains convection rainfall, evapotranspiration, and the role of dense vegetation in water interception. It also discusses the influence of geology and relief on water flow and highlights the concept of 'flying rivers' that transport moisture across South America.

Which country contains the largest portion of the Amazon Rainforest?

• Brazil

• Colombia

• Venezuela

• Peru

What is the average annual rainfall in the Amazon Rainforest?

• 2000 mm

• 1500 mm

• 1000 mm

• 2500 mm

How does the temperature variation in the Amazon compare to a place like Oxford?

• Significant variation throughout the year

• Little variation throughout the year

• Lower in winter, higher in summer

• Higher in winter, lower in summer

What percentage of rainfall in the Amazon is recycled back into the atmosphere through evapotranspiration?

• 50%

• 40%

• 30%

• 60%

What type of trees are predominant in the Amazon Rainforest?

• Coniferous trees

• Mangrove trees

• Evergreen trees

• Deciduous trees

What is the main type of rainfall in the Amazon Rainforest?

• Frontal rainfall

• Orographic rainfall

• Convection rainfall

• Cyclonic rainfall

What type of rock forms the impermeable crystalline shields in the Amazon Basin?

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Limestone

How does the topography of the western Amazon Basin affect surface runoff rates?

• Decreases runoff rates

• Increases runoff rates

• Varies seasonally

• No effect on runoff rates

What is the term used to describe the wind patterns that move moisture across the Amazon?

• Trade winds

• Flying rivers

• Monsoon winds

• Jet streams

How does deforestation potentially impact the flying rivers in the Amazon?

• No impact on water vapor transport

• Increases water vapor transport

• Only affects local rainfall

• Decreases water vapor transport