Columbian Exchange and Native American Societies

The video covers Unit 1 of the AP US History curriculum, focusing on the diverse native societies in the Americas before European arrival, the motivations and consequences of European exploration, and the impact of the Columbian Exchange. It also discusses the Spanish colonization efforts, including the encomienda system and the resulting social hierarchy. The video aims to prepare students for success in their AP US History class and exam.

What was the primary focus of Unit 1 in the AP US History curriculum?

• The American Revolution

• The Civil War

• Native American societies before European arrival

• The Industrial Revolution

Which Native American group was known for their cliff dwellings and advanced irrigation systems?

• Pueblo

• Iroquois

• Chinook

• Chumash

What was a significant characteristic of the Great Basin and Great Plains Native American groups?

• They lived in long houses

• They were nomadic hunter-gatherers

• They were primarily farmers

• They built large cities

Which European country was the first to establish a series of trading posts around Africa?

• Spain

• Portugal

• France

• England

What was the main motivation for European kingdoms to seek sea-based trade routes?

• To spread Christianity

• To avoid Muslim-controlled land routes

• To find new lands to colonize

• To escape political unification

What is the Columbian Exchange?

• A system of trade routes established by Columbus

• The exchange of cultural practices between Europeans and Native Americans

• The transfer of people, animals, plants, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds

• A trade agreement between Columbus and Native Americans

Which food item was introduced to Europe from the Americas during the Columbian Exchange?

• Soybeans

• Potatoes

• Rice

• Wheat

What was the encomienda system?

• A religious conversion program

• A system of trade routes

• A social hierarchy in Europe

• A forced labor system used by the Spanish in the Americas

Who were the peninsulares in the Spanish colonial social hierarchy?

• Spaniards born in Spain

• Spaniards born in the Americas

• People of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry

• Enslaved Africans

What was one reason the Spanish began importing African slaves to the Americas?

• Africans were easier to convert to Christianity

• Africans were more familiar with American geography

• Africans had immunity to European diseases

• Africans were already living in the Americas