DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial explains the DNA molecule, its discovery by James Watson and Francis Crick, and their Nobel Prize achievement. It details the structure of DNA, which is organized in chromosomes and consists of a long double helix made of nucleotides. Each nucleotide comprises a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The video also describes how nucleotides pair specifically, with adenine pairing with thymine and guanine with cytosine, forming the rungs of the DNA ladder.

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

• Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr

• James Watson and Francis Crick

• Marie Curie and Pierre Curie

• Isaac Newton and Galileo Galilei

In what year did Watson and Crick receive the Nobel Prize for their discovery?

• 1970

• 1962

• 1980

• 1953

Where is DNA located within a cell?

• In the mitochondria

• In the ribosomes

• In the nucleus

• In the cytoplasm

What are the simple molecules that make up the DNA strand called?

• Amino acids

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleotides

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

• Deoxyribose sugar

• Ribose sugar

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogenous base

How are the two strands of DNA arranged?

• Parallel

• Antiparallel

• Randomly

• Perpendicular

What shape does the DNA molecule form?

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Quadruple helix

• Single helix

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

What forms the 'rungs' of the DNA ladder?

• Phosphate groups

• Sugar molecules

• Nitrogenous bases

• Proteins