Undernutrition and Its Consequences

The video discusses undernutrition, focusing on its causes, indicators, and consequences. It explains the difference between acute and chronic malnutrition, highlighting wasting and stunting. Key micronutrient deficiencies such as zinc, iodine, and vitamin A are covered. The video also addresses protein-energy malnutrition, including marasmus and kwashiorkor, and the risks of refeeding syndrome. Finally, it touches on Noma, a severe condition related to malnutrition.

What is the BMI range for a normal adult?

• 18.5 to 25

• More than 30

• 25 to 30

• Less than 18.5

Which percentile range is considered overweight for children?

• Between the 50th and 75th percentile

• Between the 85th and 95th percentile

• Below the 5th percentile

• Above the 95th percentile

What is the primary indicator of acute malnutrition?

• Stunting

• Wasting

• Overweight

• Obesity

What is stunting a measure of?

• Acute malnutrition

• Micronutrient deficiency

• Chronic malnutrition

• Overnutrition

Which micronutrient deficiency is associated with night blindness?

• Iron

• Vitamin A

• Iodine

• Zinc

What condition results from a deficiency in iodine?

• Rickets

• Scurvy

• Goiter

• Night blindness

What is the primary concern in treating protein-energy malnutrition initially?

• Addressing micronutrient deficiencies

• Correcting electrolyte imbalances

• Treating infections

• Providing macronutrients to keep the patient alive

Which symptom is more characteristic of kwashiorkor compared to marasmus?

• Dehydration

• Constipation

• Edema

• Wrinkling of the skin

What is a major risk when refeeding a severely malnourished patient too quickly?

• Hyperphosphatemia

• Hypokalemia

• Hypophosphatemia

• Hyperkalemia

What is the initial phase of managing protein-energy malnutrition?

• Starting iron replacement therapy

• Administering high doses of vitamins

• Correcting dehydration and starting small, frequent feeds

• Providing large meals immediately