Exploring Null and Alternative Hypotheses

What should you review before starting this section of the course?

• Literature and arts

• Advanced calculus

• Basic algebra concepts

• Confidence intervals and distributions

What is the first step in data-driven decision-making?

• Formulate a hypothesis

• Collect data

• Analyze the data

• Make a decision

Which statement best describes a hypothesis?

• An opinion

• An idea that can be tested

• A proven fact

• A theoretical assumption without test

Which of the following is a testable hypothesis?

• Apples in New York are expensive if they cost more than $1.75 per pound

• Apples in New York are tasty

• Apples in New York are available

• Apples in New York are popular

What does the null hypothesis represent in the context of the mean data scientist salary?

• The salary varies

• The salary is more than $113,000

• The salary is less than $113,000

• The salary is exactly $113,000

What is the alternative hypothesis in the example given about data scientist salaries?

• The salary is not $113,000

• No specific alternative hypothesis

• The salary is exactly $113,000

• The salary is more than $113,000

What does the null hypothesis assume in the two-sided test example?

• The mean salary is $113,000

• The mean salary is not $113,000

• The mean salary is more than $113,000

• The mean salary is less than $113,000

What type of test would you use to challenge a claim that data scientists earn more than $125,000?

• Descriptive analysis

• One-sided test

• Two-sided test

• Non-parametric test

What does the outcome of a statistical test refer to?

• Population parameter

• Sample statistic

• Theoretical assumption

• Research hypothesis

In hypothesis testing, what is generally the researcher's goal regarding the null hypothesis?

• To reject it

• To prove it without doubt

• To ignore it

• To modify it