Exploring the Mechanisms of Cell Division

Mr. Anderson explains the fundamental role of cells as the basic unit of life, highlighting the processes of cell division: binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis. Binary fission occurs in prokaryotic cells like bacteria, resulting in identical cells. Mitosis in eukaryotic cells also produces identical cells, crucial for growth and repair. Meiosis, however, creates genetically diverse gametes, essential for sexual reproduction. The video emphasizes the exponential growth of cells and the vast number of cells and microorganisms in the human body.

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms?

• Tissues

• Cells

• Molecules

• Atoms

How many types of cell division are there?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

What process do bacteria use to reproduce?

• Binary Fission

• Meiosis

• Mitosis

• Budding

Which enzyme is responsible for duplicating DNA in binary fission?

• DNA Ligase

• DNA Polymerase

• Helicase

• RNA Polymerase

What are the two types of cells found in eukaryotic organisms?

• Bacterial cells and fungal cells

• Plant cells and animal cells

• Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

• Somatic cells and gametes

What is the term for the division of the rest of the cell after the nucleus divides in mitosis?

• Meiosis

• Binary Fission

• Cytokinesis

• Apoptosis

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

• Prophase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

• Metaphase

How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

• One

• Two

• Four

• Three

What is the process called when chromosomes exchange segments during meiosis?

• Replication

• Transcription

• Crossing Over

• Translation

What is the significance of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

• It increases the chromosome number

• It reduces the chromosome number by half

• It produces somatic cells

• It produces identical cells