Chemistry Regents Review: The Atom Focus

What did Rutherford conclude from his gold foil experiment?

• Atoms are mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus.

• Atoms are indivisible.

• Atoms are solid spheres.

• Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths.

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In the wave mechanical model, what is an orbital?

• A region where neutrons are found.

• The most probable location of an electron.

• The exact location of a proton.

• A fixed path of an electron.

Which model first included electrons as subatomic particles?

• Wave mechanical model

• Rutherford model

• Thomson model

• Bohr model

What is the charge and mass of a proton?

• +1 charge and 0 amu

• 0 charge and 1 amu

• +1 charge and 1 amu

• -1 charge and 0 amu

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

• Subtract the number of electrons from the mass number.

• Subtract the number of protons from the mass number.

• Add the number of protons and electrons.

• Add the number of protons and neutrons.

What is an isotope?

• Atoms with the same number of electrons but different numbers of protons.

• Atoms with different numbers of protons and neutrons.

• Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

• Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.

How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?

• By adding the masses of protons and neutrons.

• By taking a weighted average of the masses of all isotopes.

• By subtracting the mass of electrons from the mass number.

• By taking a simple average of the masses of all isotopes.

What are valence electrons?

• Electrons in the innermost shell.

• Electrons in the outermost shell.

• Protons in the nucleus.

• Neutrons in the nucleus.

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What happens to the radius of an ion when it gains electrons?

• The radius fluctuates.

• The radius decreases.

• The radius increases.

• The radius remains the same.

Which ion has the same electron configuration as an atom of argon?

• Na+

• Ca2+

• K+

• Cl-

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