Exploring the Basics of Cancer and Cell Growth

Mr. Anderson explains cancer as uncontrolled cell growth due to DNA damage. He discusses how normal cells divide and how mutations can lead to cancer. Environmental factors like smoking and UV radiation can increase mutation rates. Tumors can be benign or malignant, with malignant tumors spreading throughout the body. Cancer is named based on the tissue it affects, and each tumor can be genetically different. Current treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, but future treatments may target specific genetic mutations.

What is the primary function of DNA within a cell?

• To provide energy

• To transport nutrients

• To control cell actions

• To protect the cell

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What is a mutation in the context of cancer?

• A change in cell shape

• A form of cell death

• Damage to DNA

• A type of cell division

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Which of the following can increase the rate of DNA mutations?

• Adequate sleep

• UV radiation

• Regular exercise

• Healthy diet

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What happens when a cell undergoes apoptosis?

• It repairs its DNA

• It divides uncontrollably

• It becomes cancerous

• It dies

What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

• Benign tumors spread throughout the body

• Malignant tumors are restricted to one area

• Malignant tumors are harmless

• Benign tumors are not cancerous

How do cancerous cells behave differently from normal cells?

• They stop dividing

• They perform normal cell functions

• They divide uncontrollably

• They die quickly

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What is the primary goal of cancer screening?

• To cure cancer

• To find cancer cells early

• To prevent cancer

• To reduce cancer symptoms

Why does chemotherapy cause side effects like nausea and hair loss?

• It targets only cancer cells

• It affects all rapidly dividing cells

• It strengthens the immune system

• It only targets digestive cells

What is the significance of Gleevec in cancer treatment?

• It is a general cancer treatment

• It is a form of radiation therapy

• It targets a specific type of leukemia

• It is a type of surgery

What is the common cause of all cancers?

• Damage to DNA

• Bacterial infections

• Lack of exercise

• Viral infections

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