Exploring the World of Macromolecules

The video tutorial introduces macromolecules, emphasizing their importance in biology due to carbon's bonding capabilities. It covers four types of macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are energy sources and structural components, lipids store energy and form barriers, proteins perform various functions including acting as enzymes, and nucleic acids carry genetic information. Each macromolecule is composed of smaller units called monomers, forming polymers.

What unique ability does carbon have that makes it essential for forming macromolecules?

• It can form ionic bonds.

• It can form up to four covalent bonds.

• It can dissolve in water.

• It can only bond with hydrogen.

What are the small units called that make up macromolecules?

• Isomers

• Monomers

• Dimers

• Polymers

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

• Fatty acids

• Monosaccharides

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

Which polysaccharide is used by plants to build cell walls?

• Starch

• Glycogen

• Cellulose

• Chitin

What characteristic of lipids makes them good for storing energy?

• They are composed of amino acids.

• They have a high melting point.

• They are mostly made of carbon and hydrogen.

• They dissolve in water.

What type of fat is considered healthier?

• Trans fats

• Saturated fats

• Unsaturated fats

• Hydrogenated fats

What is the monomer of proteins?

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

• Monosaccharides

What is the primary role of enzymes in the body?

• To store genetic information

• To drive chemical reactions

• To store energy

• To provide structural support

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Monosaccharides

What components make up a nucleotide?

• A nitrogenous base, a lipid, and a protein

• A phosphate, a lipid, and a carbohydrate

• A sugar, a lipid, and a protein

• A sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base