Unit 3 Review

What does Gibbs free energy represent in biological systems?

• Total energy absorbed by a system

• Energy released as heat

• Energy available to perform work

• Energy stored in chemical bonds

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

• Act as a substrate for chemical reactions

• Convert ADP to ATP

• Speed up reactions by lowering activation energy

• Provide energy for reactions

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration?

• ATP

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Glucose

Which process describes the flow of protons across a membrane to synthesize ATP?

• Photosynthesis

• Krebs cycle

• Glycolysis

• Chemiosmosis

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

• To generate ATP only

• To produce oxygen

• To synthesize sugar from carbon dioxide

• To absorb light energy