During prophase I crossing over occurs and genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. How is this important

Reduces the diploid number to the haploid number

Increases the haploid number to the diploid number

Reduces the probability of mutations

A. What does the picture below show? B. Why is this important?

A. crossing over B. increases variation/diversity

A. crossing over B. decreases variation/diversity

A. nondisjunction B. increases variation/diversity

A. nondisjunction B. decreases variation/diversity

Why is crossing over important in sexual reproduction?

It shuffles the DNA from your parents when you make gametes (sex cells)

It combines the two sets of DNA from the mother's egg and the father's sperm

It creates an identical copy of the original DNA

It randomly determines which gamete gets which copies of each chromosome.

What is happening during crossing over in Meiosis?

chromatids are exchanging genetic information

There are advantages to both sexual and asexual reproduction. Which of these describes the most likely advantage of sexual reproduction?

Sexual reproduction results in more variation among offspring, which may help them adapt better to changing environments.

Sexual reproduction ensures that all of the parents' genes are passed on to the next generation.

Sexual reproduction is able to produce large numbers of offspring in a short amount of time.

Sexual reproduction increases the chance that an offspring will receive a harmless mutation from its parents.

Certain species of whiptail lizards have ONLY female individuals and no males. These lizards reproduce asexually. What is one DISADVANTAGE of asexual reproduction for these lizards?

all members of a population are genetically very similar and less able to survive environmental changes

a new population can be established by a single individual in a relatively short period of time

they are smaller than sexually reproducing lizards

they are more likely to develop a variety of tail lengths.

Certain species of whiptail lizards have only female individuals and no males. These lizards reproduce asexually. What is one disadvantage of asexual reproduction for these lizards?

All the members of a population are genetically very similar and less able to survive environmental changes.

A new population can be established by a single individual in a relatively short period of time.

They are smaller than lizards that reproduce sexually.

They are more likely to develop a variety of tail lengths.

What is a disadvantage for organisms that reproduce asexually rather than sexually?

The offspring are genetically identical to each other, which reduces their ability to adapt to any changes in the environment.

The offspring receive less genetic material.

The offspring take more time to grow and develop.

The offspring resemble the parent, which makes it difficult to distinguish them from each other.

What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

Higher chance of adapting or evolving over time

Happens very quickly and easily

An advantage of sexual reproduction is that

many offspring are produced in a short time

production of gametes requires energy

organisms remain stable in a changing environment

What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?

The offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information

The offspring are identical to the parents

the offspring are resistant to viruses

the offspring are born live, instead of from eggs

Advantages of sexual reproduction: ________________.

increase survival due to genetic variation

less time and energy, large population

more time and energy, small population

An advantage of SEXUAL reproduction is that:

It provides greater variety of traits

It takes less time for an organism to grow

Which of the following explains a major advantage of the type of reproduction selected in sexual reproduction?

This type of reproduction allows a species more opportunity to adapt to its environment as it changes.

This type of reproduction allows offspring to look identical to their parents and camouflage better.

This type of reproduction allows the passing of genetic information from offspring to parent.

This type of reproduction guarantees survival through any environmental change.

During meiosis, what is the significance of independent assortment?

It increases genetic variation by randomly distributing maternal and paternal chromosomes.

It ensures that each gamete receives a complete set of chromosomes.

It produces identical daughter cells.

Explain how chromosome reduction during meiosis contributes to genetic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms.

It prevents the doubling of chromosome number in offspring.

It allows for the formation of diploid gametes.

It ensures that each gamete is genetically identical.

It results in the production of identical twins.

A scientist observes that two siblings have different combinations of traits, even though they have the same parents. Which meiotic processes are most responsible for this genetic variation? Select all that apply.

Crossing-over and independent assortment

Chromosome reduction and crossing-over

Explain how crossing-over during meiosis can result in new combinations of alleles in gametes.

By exchanging segments between homologous chromosomes, creating new allele combinations

By duplicating chromosomes before cell division

By separating sister chromatids into different cells

By fusing gametes during fertilization

You have 5 minutes to complete this punnet square question. Freckles (F) is dominant over no freckles (f). If heterozygous parents cross, what will be true about the punnet square box on the top left?

They have an extra freckle chromosome

Which of the following best describes meiosis?

It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures

It is carried out in all tissues

It happens in all tissues except the brain

It is the first stage of mitosis

Unit 4 Heredity Review

Authored by JiYou Oh

Biology

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 31+ times

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

3 mins • 1 pt

What is the percentage of homozygous recessive offspring?

25%

50%

75%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

When does crossing over occur?

prophase of mitosis

prophase 2 of meiosis

prophase 1 of meiosis

metaphase 1 of meiosis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

homologous chromosomes cross over in prophase I

mitosis

meiosis

mitosis and meiosis

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What scientific process is being shown?

Mixing

Crossing under

Crossing over

square dancing

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Crossing over is the process of...

chromosomes separating during Anaphase

tiny pieces of genetic material being exchanged on homologous chromosomes

chromatids lining up at random in the middle of the cell during Metaphase

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Crossing over in organisms is responsible for...?

Dominance of genes

Recombination of genes

Linkage

Segregation of alleles

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Crossing over usually occurs between:

Sister Chromatids

Homologous Chromosomes

Alleles

Non-Homologous Chromosomes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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Unit 4 Heredity Review

What is the percentage of homozygous recessive offspring?

When does crossing over occur?

homologous chromosomes cross over in prophase I

What scientific process is being shown?

Crossing over is the process of...

Crossing over in organisms is responsible for...?

Crossing over usually occurs between:

During prophase I crossing over occurs and genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. How is this important

A. What does the picture below show?B. Why is this important?

Why is crossing over important in sexual reproduction?

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A. What does the picture below show?

B. Why is this important?