Population, Sampling, and Sample

In the diagram showing a large group labeled Population, an arrow labeled Sampling points to a smaller group labeled Sample. What does the arrow represent in statistical studies?

• Choosing a few representative members from the entire group

• Counting every member of the entire group

• Eliminating outliers after data collection

• Predicting future trends without data

Which statement best describes the relationship among Population, Sampling, and Sample as illustrated?

• A sample becomes the population through sampling

• Sampling selects a subset (sample) from the larger population

• Population is a subset of the sample chosen by sampling

• Sampling increases the size of the population

Which two main categories are presented under types of purposive sampling?

• Random and Systematic

• Probability and Non-probability

• Stratified and Cluster

• Quota and Snowball

Refer to the side-by-side dot grids comparing sampling approaches. Which grid most likely represents probability sampling?

• The grid where selected dots are dispersed across the frame

• The grid where selected dots form a concentrated cross-shaped cluster

• Both grids represent probability sampling equally

• Neither grid represents probability sampling

Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of probability sampling in the material?

• Simple Random Sampling

• Stratified Sampling

• Systematic Sampling

• Cluster Sampling

• Convenience Sampling

Choose the technique that groups the population into strata before sampling.

• Stratified Sampling

• Systematic Sampling

• Cluster Sampling

Which statement best describes simple random sampling?

• Selecting elements based on prior knowledge of the population

• Ensuring every element has an equal chance of being selected

• Choosing only elements that are easiest to reach

• Dividing the population into groups before sampling

When is simple random sampling most appropriate to use?

• When detailed prior information about the target population is available

• When the population is already divided into strata

• When there is no prior information about the target population

• When the sample must include specific subgroups

Which statement best describes stratified sampling in social research?

• Selecting a single random sample from the entire population without grouping

• Dividing a population into homogeneous subgroups (strata) based on similarity and then randomly selecting elements from each stratum

• Choosing only the most accessible participants

• Creating subgroups after sampling is complete

Based on the visual example with three labeled strata, which action demonstrates stratified sampling?

• Randomly choosing five items from the entire set without considering groups

• Selecting one item at random from Stratum 1, one from Stratum 2, and one from Stratum 3

• Picking only items from Stratum 2 because it has many members

• Grouping items after sampling is done