Unit 5 Test

Which of these would have been the GREATEST benefit to realizing Manifest Destiny?

• Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad

• Southern States embracing the Reconstruction Amendments

• Chinese immigrants finding work in the Rail industry

• Women finding work in the Lowell Mills

In the late-19th and early-20th centuries, the United States Government created boarding schools for Native American children, known as Carlisle Indian Industrial Schools .

Which of these best describes these schools?

• Carlisle schools were widely embraced by Natives, but only those from the 5 Organized Tribes

• Carlisle schools tried to make Native American children assimilate to American culture by changing their appearance and habits to mirror white-American culture. Parents were given incentives to send their children to these schools and some were severely punished for trying to protect them from these institutions.

• Native American families widely appreciated the schools as part of the US Government's plan to improve Native American incomes.

• These schools were led by Native leaders and Natives were taught and read in their people's language, while also being taught English.

Which of these best describes the beginning and ending of the "Cowboy Era", the period where cattle were mostly driven from livestock farms to markets?

• 1855-1861.

  The need for men to serve in the Civil War ended the Cowboy Era

• 1865 - 1890

  With the Civil War over and the Reconstruction Amendments passed, the availability of work on the Western frontier employed (mostly) males, but some females as well, regardless of race and education. The adoption of barbed wire and the completion of the Transatlantic Railroad mostly ended cow-driving and the Cowboy Era by 1890.

• 1865 - 1877

  The Cowboy Era was strongest right after the Civil War. Thanks to Southern Democrats, black males were happy to leave cowboying and return to the racially egalitarian South, brought on by the end of Reconstruction in 1877.

• 1877-1920

  Women like Elizabeth Cady Stanton pushed for equal rights and pay for women. Cowboying was a male-dominated profession and was mostly ended by women protesting the industry's preference for male cowboys. Passing the 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote, which they used to regulate and restrict livestock drives in accordance with the Homestead Act of 1862.

The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad resulted in all of the following EXCEPT ________.

• furthering the goals of Manifest Destiny

• the connection of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts

• improvements in working conditions for Chinese workers

• the ability to efficiently transport people and goods across the nation

African American soldiers who enlisted in the cavalry following the Civil War were known as ________, mostly because of their duty stations overlapping with Native American current and former territories.

• Doughboys

• Leathernecks

• Confederates

• Buffalo Soldiers

Which of these BEST matches the meaning of Exodusters?

• Black Americans moved into the states east of the Mississippi as families reunited after the Civil War

• The movement of Exodusters out of the deep south to areas in the midwest such as Kansas in the late 1870s and early 1880s

• Many black Americans moved to Florida in search of jobs with new shipping companies that were developing in the late 1800s

• Exodusters refers to African Americans Harriet Tubman assisted North as the "Moses of her people".

Which of these was the first United States national park established in 1872 in modern-day Wyoming?

• Yosemite National Park

• Rock Creek National Park

• Yellowstone National Park

• Grand Canyon National Park

Why did the high tariffs on industrial products during the late 1800s have a negative impact on farmers?

• High tariffs encouraged overproduction of crops and led to a severe deflation in the prices of crops

• High tariffs required farm workers be paid artificially high wages for the use of heavy, industrial products

• High tariffs on industrial products made farm tools expensive, but a lack of tariffs on crops kept farm products low

• High tariffs led to an inflated circulation of gold, which drove down the price of the dollar, thus, the price of crops

Which of these BEST describes the Spoils System?

• Spoils Systems are intentionally implemented governmental systems where a party losing power will appoint obviously unqualified staff to weaken the opposing party.

• Spoils Systems implies giving governmental positions to politically loyal individuals. Party loyalty is more important than expert knowledge and leadership.

• The Spoils System refers to the Dawes Severalty Act. Native land unclaimed by Natives was said to be "spoiled", making it available to white settlers.

• The Spoils System involved using tariff income to artificially protect agricultural products. The government would buy excess crops and save them for the next season, rather than allowing them to "spoil".

During the Progressive Era, some politicians were successful in getting initiatives and referendums added in many states. What was the overall effect of this?

• the direct election of Senators became law

• more people became directly involved in government

• women were soon given the right to vote in all states

• big businesses were broken up into smaller corporations