Unit 3 Chapter 7-9 Test Study Guide

1.     What are the primary functions of the nervous system?

• Facilitate digestion and nutrient absorption
• Regulate body temperature and blood pressure
• The primary functions of the nervous system are to receive sensory input, process information, coordinate responses, and maintain homeostasis.
• Produce hormones for growth and development

What are the organs that make up the CNS?

• Heart and lungs
• Liver and kidneys
• Stomach and intestines
• Brain and spinal cord

What is the function of the sensory division (afferent)?

• The sensory division sends signals from the brain to the body.
• The sensory division is responsible for motor control.
• The sensory division regulates hormone levels in the body.
• The function of the sensory division (afferent) is to transmit sensory information from the body to the central nervous system.

What is the function of motor (efferent) division?

• To receive sensory information from the environment.
• To process information within the CNS.
• To transmit signals from the CNS to muscles and glands.
• To regulate blood flow and heart rate.

What does the somatic nervous system regulate?

• Involuntary reflexes and motor skills.
• Digestive functions and hormone regulation.
• Emotional responses and memory processing.
• Voluntary movements and sensory information.

What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?

• Sensory perception such as sight and hearing.
• Voluntary muscle movements like walking and running.
• Involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate.
• Cognitive functions like memory and decision making.

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

• Somatic nervous system and enteric nervous system
• Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
• Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
• Cerebral nervous system and spinal nervous system

What is the function of the supporting cell (neuroglia): Astrocytes

• Astrocytes support neurons and maintain homeostasis in the brain.
• Astrocytes produce neurotransmitters for communication.
• Astrocytes are responsible for muscle contraction.
• Astrocytes generate electrical impulses in neurons.

What is the function of the supporting cell (neuroglia): Microglia

• Microglia are responsible for the formation of myelin sheaths.
• Microglia act as the immune defense in the central nervous system, removing debris and responding to injury.
• Microglia primarily support the growth of blood vessels in the brain.
• Microglia produce neurotransmitters for communication between neurons.

What is the function of the supporting cell (neuroglia): ependymal cells

• Ependymal cells form the blood-brain barrier.
• Ependymal cells store nutrients for nerve cells.
• Ependymal cells transmit electrical signals between neurons.
• Ependymal cells produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).