Logical Fallacies

What is the logical fallacy in this ad?

Amber is describing the ​ (a)   fallacy.

• slippery slope
• strawman
• appeal to authority
• bandwagon

The False ​ (a)   fallacy happens when someone says there are only ​ (b)   possible choices, but there are actually many other options. This kind of argument tries to make people choose between two ​ (c)   and ignores all the middle ground. It’s a mistake because most problems in life aren’t that ​ (d)   — there are usually other ways or ​ (e)   .

• Dichotomy
• two
• extremes
• simple
• answers

Match the fallacies to their appropriate responses:

• He's not a doctor, right?

• A YouTuber said that drinking only juice cures everything.

• That’s not what I said.

• A: I think we should have less homework.
  B: So you want students to stop learning completely?

• Maybe you just played well.

• I wore my lucky socks and we won the game — my socks made us win!

• It's not certain that will happen.

• You either love technology or hate it.

• There are other choices.

• If we let students use headphones, soon they won’t listen to the teacher at all!

What fallacy can you see in the cartoon?

• After this therefore because of this

• Ad hominem

• The bandwagon

• The strawman

What fallacy can you see in the cartoon?

• After this therefore because of this

• Ad hominem

• The bandwagon

• The strawman

The Ad ​ (a)   fallacy happens when someone ​ (b)   the person instead of talking about their ideas or reasons. Instead of explaining why the ​ (c)   is wrong, the person criticizes who said it — for example, their looks, ​ (d)   , or habits. It’s a mistake because insulting a person doesn’t prove their idea is ​ (e)   .

• Hominem
• attacks
• argument
• age
• false

Match the political posters to the logical fallacies.

• Appeal to tradition

• 
• Appeal to emotion

• 
• Ad hominem (personal attack)

• 
• False dichotomy

• 
• The bandwagon

• 

The False ​ (a)   fallacy happens when someone says that one thing caused another, but there is no real ​ (b)   that it did. It’s a mistake in thinking because sometimes two things ​ (c)   at the same time, but one didn’t actually cause the other. People often make this ​ (d)   when they see a pattern and assume a ​ (e)   that isn’t real.

• Cause
• proof
• happen
• fallacy
• connection

Match the examples to the categories:

Groups:

(a) Ad Hominem (personal attack)

,

(b) After this therefore because of this

,

(c) False dichotomy

• Don’t listen to her opinion about school lunches — she eats junk food all the time.

• Why should we trust her views on climate change? She drives a gas-guzzler.

• Ignore his comments on health; he smokes and drinks.

• His argument is invalid because he was once arrested.

• After the new iPhone came out, crime rates went up, so it must have caused the crime reduction.

• You either love this movie or you have no taste in films.

• If we don't play this game we won't play anything at all.

• Her opinion on education reform doesn't matter since she dropped out of school.

• He bought a new car, and then he lost his job, so the car must have caused his unemployment.

• After he took the vaccine, the autism symptoms started. Vaccines caused his autism.

• Either we ban all cars or we will never solve traffic problems.

• They implemented a new policy, and now sales have dropped, so the policy is to blame.

• She studied hard for the exam, and that's why she failed.

• If you don't agree with my opinion, you must be against freedom of speech.

• Don't take his advice on finances; he's terrible with money.

• You can either support the new policy or you don't care about the environment.

• If you don't vote for this candidate, you must be against progress.

• He started exercising, and now he never gets sick.