CO4 QUIZ

A liquid is poured from a cylindrical beaker into a rectangular tank without any loss of material. Which property ensures that the amount of liquid remains the same while its outline changes, and why?

• Definite volume; liquids keep the same amount regardless of container

• Variable mass; liquids change mass with container shape

• High intermolecular forces; particles cannot move

• Fixed shape; liquids keep their original outline

A sealed, rigid steel tank initially contains a small amount of gas. Based on the characteristics of gases (particles far apart, variable shape and volume, weak intermolecular forces), what happens to the gas’s volume and shape when the tank is compressed to half its original size?

• The gas’s volume decreases to match the new tank volume and its shape conforms to the tank.

• The gas maintains its original volume and shape regardless of the tank size.

• The gas’s volume increases and its shape becomes fixed.

• The gas escapes the tank and its volume becomes zero.

Which statement accurately describes particle behavior in gases?

• Particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions

• Particles are far apart and move freely and rapidly

• Particles are moderately spaced and slide past each other slowly

• Particles are strongly bonded by intermolecular forces

An engineer needs a material that resists scratching and deformation for a cutting tool. Which property should be prioritized, and which example from the material illustrates this property?

• Malleability; copper is malleable.

• Hardness; diamond is the hardest natural material.

• Solubility; salt dissolves in water.

• Thermal conductivity; metals conduct heat.

Water transitions from liquid to gas at standard atmospheric pressure. According to the material, what is this temperature called and what is its value?

• Melting point; 0 °C

• Boiling point; 100 °C

• Boiling point; 0 °C

• Melting point; 100 °C

Compare malleability and ductility and select the correct application pairing based on the definitions and examples provided.

• Malleability for drawing copper into wires; ductility for hammering gold into sheets.

• Malleability for hammering gold into thin sheets; ductility for drawing copper into wires.

• Both properties describe attraction to a magnetic field; use iron for either.

• Malleability measures resistance to scratching; use diamond for wires.

An engineer is designing a container for a corrosive liquid and needs the contents to dissolve a solid additive quickly. Which property of the additive directly determines how well it dissolves, and what example supports your choice?

• Hardness; diamond is the hardest natural material.

• Solubility; salt dissolves in water.

• Magnetism; iron is magnetic.

• Colour and appearance; lustre improves dissolution.

A student compares two samples of material by measuring size, shape, temperature, mass, and density. What is the most accurate reason these measurements are classified as physical properties?

• They are observable and measurable characteristics that do not change the substance’s identity when measured.

• They always result in a chemical reaction when measured.

• They determine the color and taste of the material.

• They are only measurable after the material is heated.

Which set contains only physical properties?

• Flammability, reactivity with oxygen, toxicity

• Mass, density, color

• Reactivity with water, reactivity with acids

• Flammability, color, oxidation

Color and appearance are used as physical properties in engineering materials evaluation because they are observable characteristics that help identify materials without altering them. What is one limitation of relying solely on color and appearance?

• They may not correlate with performance or composition and can be affected by surface finishes, lighting, or impurities.

• They always provide accurate information about the material's internal structure.

• They are the only properties needed to fully characterize a material.

• They are unaffected by external conditions such as lighting or impurities.