A system runs multiple applications simultaneously, and the OS ensures they don’t overwrite each other’s data in RAM. What concept does this describe?

• Memory allocation

• Memory protection

• Paging

• Fragmentation

An engineer designs an OS module that decides where in memory each process will run. What is this module’s role?

• Device driver

• Memory Management Unit

• File Manager

• I/O Controller

If the OS cannot allocate enough memory to a running program, what could happen?

• The system automatically expands RAM

• The process crashes

• The OS ignores the request

• The process pauses until more CPU is available

A developer notices that two programs modify the same memory address. Which OS feature failed?

• Virtual memory

• Memory protection

• Address translation

• Fragmentation control

During multitasking, the OS ensures each program uses only its assigned memory area. What is being managed?

• Process scheduling

• Memory allocation

• File access

• Data encryption

The OS assigns the first free partition large enough to fit a process. Which algorithm is used?

• Best Fit

• Worst Fit

• First Fit

• Random Fit

A process needs 220 KB. The OS finds partitions of 100 KB, 250 KB, and 400 KB. Using First Fit, which will it choose?

• 100 KB

• 250 KB

• 400 KB

• None

Using Best Fit, which partition will be chosen for a 220 KB process?

• 250 KB

• 400 KB

• 100 KB

• None

If Worst Fit is used, which partition from (100 KB, 250 KB, 400 KB) is assigned to a 220 KB process?

• 100 KB

• 250 KB

• 400 KB

• None

Which allocation method is fastest but may lead to more fragmentation?

• Best Fit

• Worst Fit

• First Fit

• Dynamic Fit