Practice 5

What is the main job of the phloem in a plant?

a) Transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves.

b) Carry sugars (food) from the leaves to the roots and other parts of the plant.

c) Store extra water and nutrients in the plant stem.

d) Provide structural support and rigidity to the plant's stalk

• d) Produce hormones for plant growth.
• c) Facilitate gas exchange in the leaves.
• a) Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.
• b) Carry sugars (food) from the leaves to the roots and other parts of the plant.

Besides water, which of the following is an essential raw material that plants must take in from the environment to create sugar molecules during photosynthesis?

a) Nitrogen from the soil

b) Oxygen from the air

c) Glucose from the soil

d) Carbon dioxide from the air

• d) Carbon dioxide from the air
• a) Phosphorus from the soil
• b) Hydrogen from the air
• c) Calcium from the soil

Which structure on a plant's leaf surface plays the most direct role in limiting the amount of water vapor that escapes into the atmosphere?

a) The xylem tissue

b) The stomata (openings)

c) The chloroplasts

d) The cuticle (waxy layer)

• b) The stomata (openings)
• g) The vascular bundles
• f) The epidermis layer
• e) The phloem tissue

What is the main organic product created by a plant during photosynthesis that serves as both a primary source of chemical energy and the fundamental material for building new plant biomass?

a) Oxygen (O2​)

b) Water (H2​O)

c) Glucose (Sugar)

d) Minerals and Nutrients

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Starch
• Nitrogen Compounds
• c) Glucose (Sugar)

What is the main function of the green pigment chlorophyll found inside a plant's leaves?

a) It acts as a defense mechanism to repel insects.

b) It absorbs the light energy required to power the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into food.

c) It is responsible for carrying water from the roots up to the leaves.

d) It stores excess sugar for the plant until it is needed for growth

• e) It helps in the process of respiration within the plant.
• b) It absorbs the light energy required to power the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into food.
• f) It provides structural support to the plant's leaves.
• g) It aids in the absorption of nutrients from the soil.

Imagine you forget to water your favorite houseplant for two weeks. Which statement best explains what will happen to the plant first?

a) The plant will become very strong and rigid.

b) The plant will start to wilt and droop because it needs water to help it stand up straight.

c) The plant will instantly turn all of its leaves yellow and then fall off.

d) The plant will try to use the extra sunlight to make up for the lack of water.

• The plant will start to wilt and droop because it needs water to help it stand up straight.

• The plant will develop a thicker stem to retain moisture.
• The plant will produce more flowers due to stress.
• The plant will grow faster without water.

What is missing from the equation ?

• O2

• H20

• Sunlight

• CO2

Plants that live high in mountain regions or in dry, sun-exposed plains often have leaves that are small, thick, and covered in fine, tiny hairs.

Explain why this combination of leaf features (small size, thickness, and hairiness) is beneficial for survival in an environment with very high light intensity and often dry conditions.

Describe the primary role of the following in plant photosynthesis and survival. (2 marks)

Water (H2​O):

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Stomata: