[IS1] 2Q Weekly Review: Scientific Method

Which of the following statements best describes scientific investigation as a process?

• Scientific method is a dynamic, cyclical process where one can accept or reject their hypotheses based on gathered data.

• Scientific method is a linear and straightforward process which begins with observation and ends with experimentation.

• Scientific method provides researchers a rigid process of setting objectives and conducting experiments.

• Scientific method involves a simple process of observing, asking questions, and researching.

Which of the following is an example of an experimental investigation?

• Measuring how phosphorus levels affect plant growth.

• Recording the migration patterns of birds in a mountain range.

• Identifying different species of spiders in a rainforest.

• Comparing the biodiversity of two forests in different locations.

The first step in the scientific process is to form a hypothesis based on existing knowledge.

• FALSE

• TRUE

During the experimentation step, researchers manipulate the independent variable to observe changes in the dependent variable.

• FALSE

• TRUE

The purpose of the control group in an experimental investigation is to provide a baseline for comparison.

• FALSE

• TRUE

A conclusion in a scientific investigation is drawn by analyzing data and determining if it supports the hypothesis.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Which of the following type of charts or graphs is/are the most appropriate to use when the dependent variable is quantitative?

• Line graph

• Flow chart

• Bar graph

• Pie graph

You want to see how your allowance is distributed among food, transportation, shopping, games, and savings. Which graph is the best choice?

• Bar graph

• Flow chart

• Pie graph

• Line graph

A researcher records the growth of a plant every 2 days and plots the results on a line graph. On Day 8, the plant is 20 cm tall, and on Day 10, it is 23 cm tall. The researcher estimates the plant’s height on Day 9 by reading the graph between the known points. Later, they also predict the height on Day 14, even though no measurement was taken after Day 10. Which of the following statements correctly describes the methods used?

• Estimating on Day 9 is extrapolation, and predicting Day 14 is interpolation.

• Estimating on Day 9 is interpolation, and predicting Day 14 is extrapolation.

• Both Day 9 and Day 14 predictions are interpolation since they rely on the same data points.

• Both Day 9 and Day 14 predictions are extrapolation since they involve measurements outside the data.

You have a pet goldfish. After 2 months, your goldfish grew by only 1 cm. Your dad told you that the goldfish might have stopped growing because the tank is too small. You then measure the size of your goldfish in its current tank, and then you transferred the goldfish in a larger tank. After 1 month, your goldfish is now 3 cm longer.

• The size of the tank

• Independent Variable

• The growth of the goldfish

• Control Variable

• The amount of food given

• Dependent Variable