FeeDs and NUtrI

Which of the following best explains why feed cost is a primary operational cost in aquaculture?

• A. Feeds are imported commodities

• B. Nutrient requirements are species-specific

• C. Feed constitutes the largest recurring expense

• D. Farmers use different feeding schedules

The main goal of aquaculture nutrition is to:

• A. Increase water exchange

• B. Produce nutritionally complete feeds at lowest cost

• C. Reduce fish movement

• D. Promote extensive production

According to the NRC (2015), aquaculture must become more intensive because:

• A. Capture fisheries are declining

• B. Terrestrial meat production is increasing

• C. Water quality is improving

• D. Feeds are cheaper than before

The “protein sparing effect” refers to:

• A. Feeding less protein to reduce cost

• B. Using carbohydrates and lipids to meet energy needs

• C. Reducing protein digestion

• D. Limiting feed intake

Energy is not a nutrient but is essential because it:

• A. Provides heat for the body

• B. Powers physiological functions and growth

• C. Is stored in the muscles

• D. Comes only from protein

In the bioenergetic equation, the energy available for growth is called:

• A. Digestible energy (DE)

• B. Metabolizable energy (ME)

• C. Recovered energy (RE)

• D. Gross energy (GE)

The main source of energy for aquatic organisms is:

• A. Protein

• B. Carbohydrate

• C. Lipid

• D. Ingested food (IE)

“Specific Dynamic Action (SDA)” refers to energy:

• A. Used for digestion and molecular transformation

• B. Stored as lipid reserves

• C. Released during swimming

• D. Lost through feces

The physiological energy content of 1 g of lipid is approximately:

• A. 17 kJ

• B. 23 kJ

• C. 38 kJ

• D. 12 kJ

Oxygen plays an important role in energy production because:

• A. It regulates feed intake

• B. It is required for macronutrient oxidation

• C. It aids in osmoregulation

• D. It enhances buoyancy