Theories of Religion - The debate

Which perspectives see religion as acting as a conservative force?

• Functionalist

• Marxist

• Feminist

• All of the above

Weber sought to explain why capitalist industrialisation developed first in which region?

• Eastern Asia

• Western Europe

• North America

• South America

According to Weber, which religious beliefs initiated the economic and social conditions in which capitalism emerged?

• Protestant beliefs

• Catholic beliefs

• Hindu beliefs

• Buddhist beliefs

What is the name of the particular set of Protestant beliefs mentioned by Weber that were associated with the development of capitalism in Europe?

• Calvinism

• Lutheranism

• Anglicanism

• Methodism

What does the term 'Theodicies of misfortune' explain?

• The reason for wealth

• Poverty as a challenge in life to test people

• The origin of religions

• The history of Christianity

Calvinism, a form of Protestantism during the Reformation, was associated with which individual?

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Henry VIII

• Ignatius of Loyola

What is predestination according to Calvinism and Protestant ethic?

• The belief that everyone is saved

• The belief that people are chosen by God for salvation and cannot know if they are chosen

• The belief that hard work is a sin

• The belief that wealth is evil

According to Kautsky, capitalism ______ Calvinism as bourgeoisie capitalists were attracted to it and the protestant religion was an ideology to legitimise capitalist interests.

• pre-dates

• follows

• contradicts

• ignores

According to Ernst Bloch (1959), religion has a ________ character as it can have both a positive and negative effect on social change.

• dual

• static

• linear

• isolated

According to Otto Maduro (1982), in some countries, protests were banned by dictators and the church was the only safe outlet for frustration for which group?

• The bourgeoisie

• The proletariat

• The aristocracy

• The clergy