Citrus Viroids Quiz

What are exocortis and cachexia caused by?

• Bacteria

• Fungi

• Viroids

• Viruses

What symptom is associated with exocortis?

• Leaf curling

• Bark scaling

• Root rot

• Fruit discoloration

Which citrus stock is especially sensitive to cachexia?

• Rangpur lime

• Orlando tangelo

• Swingle citrumelo

• Carrizo citrange

How are viroids primarily transmitted?

• Through seeds

• By insects

• By the introduction and propagation of infected budwood

• Through water

What is a recommended practice for knives and pruning tools in nurseries?

• Use only once

• Disinfect with a fresh solution of bleach

• Sharpen regularly

• Store in a dry place

What is the effect of citrus dwarfing viroid?

• Causes fruit drop

• Causes stunting but no scaling

• Causes leaf yellowing

• Causes root decay

What is the purpose of indexing on Etrog citron?

• To increase fruit size

• To detect exocortis and dwarfing viroids

• To enhance growth rate

• To improve fruit flavor

What should growers do to ensure they are using viroid-free budwood?

• Purchase from uncertified sources

• Use only local sources

• Only purchase trees propagated from certified sources

• Grow their own budwood

What is a symptom of cachexia?

• Leaf curling

• Severe pitting and gumming in the bark

• Root rot

• Fruit discoloration

What should be done with groves suffering from severe stunting caused by exocortis or cachexia?

• Prune the affected areas

• Apply fertilizer

• Remove and replace with healthy trees

• Increase watering